Codes And Conventions
Technical Techniques
-Camera Angles
-Different Types Of Shot
-Different Types Of Movement
-Diegetic vs. non-diegetic sound
-The Pace Of Editing
-The Style Of Editing
-The Genre
-Different Types Of Shot
-Different Types Of Movement
-Diegetic vs. non-diegetic sound
-The Pace Of Editing
-The Style Of Editing
-The Genre
Symbolic Techniques
-Facial Expressions
-Gestures
-Poses
-Mis En Scene – props, lighting, costume – hair and makeup, location/setting, and colours
-Notions of looking
-Gestures
-Poses
-Mis En Scene – props, lighting, costume – hair and makeup, location/setting, and colours
-Notions of looking
Camera Angles
-Eye Level (common angle as you see the character as you would see them in real life)
-Low Angle (the character is shown from below. This shows them as more powerful)
-High Angle (the character is shown from above. This shows them as less powerful)
-Bird's Eye (this shows the subject or scene from directly above. It gives the audience a different perspective)
-Slanted (this is when the camera is slanted to one side for dramatic and artistic effect)
-Low Angle (the character is shown from below. This shows them as more powerful)
-High Angle (the character is shown from above. This shows them as less powerful)
-Bird's Eye (this shows the subject or scene from directly above. It gives the audience a different perspective)
-Slanted (this is when the camera is slanted to one side for dramatic and artistic effect)
Types Of Camera Movement
Pan
-This is where the camera scans a scene horizontally. The camera is placed on a tripod, which operates as a stationary point for the camera as the camera is turned. This is often used to follow a moving object which is kept in the middle of the frame.
Dolly
This is where the camera is mounted on a base with wheels that travels along a flat surface for a very smooth movement. This is used to emphasize movement.
Zoom
"Zooming is one camera move that most people are probably familiar with. It involves changing the focal length of the lens to make the subject appear closer or further away in the frame".
Pedestal
"Moving the camera up or down without changing its vertical or horizontal axis. A camera operator can do two types of pedestals: pedestal up means "move the camera up;" pedestal down means "move the camera down." You are not tilting the lens up, rather you are moving the entire camera up. Imagine your camera is on a tripod and you're raising or lowering the tripod head".
Kyle Cassidy. (2017). Camera Movement Techniques. Available: https://www.videomaker.com/article/c10/14221-camera-movement-techniques. Last accessed 30th Jan 2018.
Editing Techniques
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=FHQMMLqsLro
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In this tutorial video it explains five popular music video effects, why they use them and how to make them in premiere pro cc. The 5 video editing effects include: Strobe / Flicker Effects and Transitions, Film Leader / Reel Overlay, Time Echo Ghost Effect, Cinematic Color Grading Options and the Animated Scribble Effect. All of these effects would work well with my music video because i wanted to create a modern video that looks good for the viewer. |
Sound
Diegetic Sound
Unknown. (Unknown). Diegetic and Non-diegetic sound. Available: http://filmsound.org/terminology/diegetic.htm. Last accessed 30th Jan 2018.
Non-Diegetic Sound
Unknown. (Unknown). Diegetic and Non-diegetic sound. Available: http://filmsound.org/terminology/diegetic.htm. Last accessed 30th Jan 2018.
The two images above showed me what the two different types of sound were, this being diegetic and non-diegetic. I learnt that non-diegetic was sound added in the editing stage of the production and I also learnt that diegetic sound is sound that is recorded where the video is filmed and is put in with the video.
Sound is essential in any music video as this is the main reason for why people watch and listen to them. Sound can be edited to create different effects and variations to the normal vocals that we hear.
Sound Parallel sound is when the music matches the mood of the video. An example would be if the song was slow then the video would also be slow to go with the mood of the song. If it was a sad song then the video would also be sad. Some music videos have diegetic sound, where they include sound from the surroundings, such as birds, police sirens that make the video seem more realistic.
Mis En Scene
The Mis en scene for music videos focuses on the lighting, props, costume, hair and makeup, location, and colour . These elements usually depend on the genre of the music video and the style. These elements are also important in contributing towards the chosen genre. They are used to convey the importance of the people in the music videos. They are also used to represent certain characters in different ways.
Unknown. (Unknown). Mise-en-scene Analysis. Available: http://adaptation391w.qwriting.qc.cuny.edu/files/2012/09/MiseEnScene-Analysis.pdf. Last accessed 30th Jan 2018.
From this picture i learnt all different factors that can go into misc en scene. One of the key ones being shot types. But I also learnt the different types of lighting that goes into creating a scene. For example when to use high contrast lighting and when to use just basic low key lighting. With the shot types, i learnt that full shots show the whole of the human body and also a minimal amount of locale.
Lighting
The lighting in a music video allows the audience to recognize the genre and style of the music video depending on the style and type of light that is used. For example, a scene lit by using natural style is often associated with country type music videos. Those that use artificial lights, strobe lights and colored lights would most likely be seen in a dance pop/hip hop video.
The angle and direction of the light can also determine the genre of the video as it gives the audience clues about what time of day the scene is taking place.
In the video Delilah ‘Go’ the video is very dimly lit showing that it is night time. The quality of the light in a scene can also hide or reveal things and influence the viewer’s reaction. For example, in Delilah - ‘Go’’ the use of lights is very effective - the light is out of focus, enhancing the artist and making the background less important, but relevant at the same time .
In the video Delilah ‘Go’ the video is very dimly lit showing that it is night time. The quality of the light in a scene can also hide or reveal things and influence the viewer’s reaction. For example, in Delilah - ‘Go’’ the use of lights is very effective - the light is out of focus, enhancing the artist and making the background less important, but relevant at the same time .
Props
In most music videos props are used to link the lyrics with the visuals and to help tell the story in the narrative (make it believable). The props in a music video add to the entertainment value and can be used in a fun imaginative way. One music video that uses props to make the video more entertaining is Beastie Boys: Sabatoge.
Props convey the time and place of the narrative in the short film, documentary or music video. By using props corresponding to a particular period in history--such as a bowl of grapes in Ancient Rome. Similarly, science fiction films make their far future settings more believable with props representing pieces of high technology.
Costume
The costume is usually used to represent certain characters in different ways. Different artists would also wear different clothes to represent what there are portraying in the music video. An example of this is with Lady Gaga’s music videos. She often wears dramatic clothing to go with her extravagant image.
Costume can also stereotype. First impressions is very relevant in music videos where we learn about the character only through visuals. This is very true in the different genres of music.
Location
The location, or scene of a music video, can not only show the audience where the artist is, but is also reflective of the genre. For example, locations such as the beach, in a car, or at a party, would usually be found in a dance pop music video due to the happy and energetic feel they give.
If the music video is filmed on a street, in a house or a warehouse that are typical locations you might find a gang, you would associate this to grime/Hip-hop/rap type video.
The location influences the genre, but is also chosen purposely to relate to the song.
Two great examples of these locations are: ‘ Katy Perry Teenage Dream ‘ and ‘ Drake – Headlines‘
If the music video is filmed on a street, in a house or a warehouse that are typical locations you might find a gang, you would associate this to grime/Hip-hop/rap type video.
The location influences the genre, but is also chosen purposely to relate to the song.
Two great examples of these locations are: ‘ Katy Perry Teenage Dream ‘ and ‘ Drake – Headlines‘
Colour
Colours are shown through almost everything in a music video: lighting, costumes, hair, makeup, locations. Even the way the camera is angled can play a part in portraying the colours we see in music videos.
Being able to use color to create harmony, or tension within a scene, or to bring attention to a key visual theme can be used to great effect.
Survey (Results Below)
Video Analysis
Location
This music video is shot in multiple locations in order for it to tell a story. It is shot in; a boxing ring, a kitchen, a house and a warehouse. The reasons they are shooting in these places are because they are trying to tell a story. This helps to set the scene as you can see a progressive change throughout which helps you understand the point of view of the person in this video.
Props
In this music video they use multiple different props. For example, at 2:30 they use glasses that the guy can smash on the floor to present his anger and short-temper. Using props like this isn't to show off the environment like most props, but it is to represent the characters feelings (this will be useful in my production). After a second look, at 1:40 one of the props they use is an american police car. This tells us multiple things, apart from the obvious fact that it is in america, it also tells us that the guy in this video witnesses lots of crime and that his life is hard for him. Although he isn't in trouble with the police you can see that he is worried.
Costumes
Throughout this production multiple different costumes are used. The costumes are used to show the jobs that the main character is doing. for example at the start he wears an apron however at the end he wears a boxing outfit, this shows how the story of the video is showing him changing. Other characters such as Sia just wear random things as that is what represents them as an artist.
Narrative
This is a narrative style music video as all of it consists of telling a story rather than a band performing or loads of random shot put together. This is done to connect to the audience more as it strengthens the song. People will also watch more of the video as well and also enjoy it more, this is good when creating a production like this.
Style
Again, the style of this music video is a narrative. It is in a style in which a story is told. when done right it can create a good connection with the person watching.
Shot Types
There are multiple shot types in this music video. For example, at 1:43 there is an extreme close up on sia. They do this to show her emotions as it shows you how she feels about the main character. Another shot type they use, at 4:24, is an over the shoulder shot. This is not a pov shot but it can do a similar thing at show you life through the characters eyes and this is what it was trying to do. This particular shot was slightly angled down showing you that he feels higher than the other person which is completely different from the start of the video.
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Location
The whole of this production is filmed at the location of a theatre. Eminem stays on that stage all the way through and they tell the story by putting transparent backgrounds of city blocks and so on. This is done because you can see that they are still in the theatre, however you know that it is telling the audience where he is thinking of. This can sometimes create an even stronger effect of what would normally be him just being in the city etc. Right at the end however, you see him in a snow desert and he is heading to something. this time he is there and it is not a background, this can show the audience that he has made it.
Props
There are very little props used in this video. The only two that i would notice are the typewriter and the paper. This is used to show how he is writing it as it comes, whether this is his story or the song we don't know, however it does create a good effect of unknowingness. This can create suspense for the watcher, this in turn means they watch the whole video.
Costumes
In this video the costumes are very relaxed and don't have much to do with the story apart from the fact that he is wearing a coat at the end, this is done to show his location. For all of the rest of the production the costume he wears is used to show of the artists image.
Narrative
It is really hard to say what type of narrative this i would say it is a mix between concept, narrative and performance as all three of these are in there, however i would say it is mainly performance. This is because eminem is stood on the stage rapping and singing and occasionally we see him doing something else.
Style
I would say that the style of this music video is performance as eminem is mostly rapping to the camera in person. As i said above it does have some parts of concept and narrative however for me it it mostly performance.
Shot Types
In this music video there are a lot of shot types. At 4:22 they use a low angle shot to show that there is something under the ice they do this so that the audience are the only ones who don't know what it is as they are looking in its eyes. This is done to create more tension, this makes the watcher watch more of the music video and also take in more of the story. At 4:33 they use a high angle shot to show that the statue is above eminem and that it is more powerful than him. After that they use some panning shots to show that he feels equal to it and that he will know what it is.